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Art creation as an inevitable necessity
Hrubý, Adam - Kristian ; Sedlák, Michal (advisor) ; Vartecká, Anna (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the question of understanding an individual's creative work as an existential inevitability. It asks questions about the definition of an unavoidable need and examines where such need to create comes from in case of the author of the work, as well as presenting examples of personalities from the world of visual arts and history. The work also investigates the question of the inevitability of creating in connection with teaching practice, based on personal experience, it asks whether art education can be based on a didactic project based on improvisation, on unexpected events and changes, and the need for children to be creative in their free time.
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The concept and legal consequences of exceeding the limits of self defense and necessity
Vedra, Jan ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Mulák, Jiří (referee)
The presented diploma thesis deals with the criminal law institute of circumstances excluding illegality, specifically the thesis is devoted to necessity and self defense. In the introductory chapters of the thesis, the traditional institute of criminal law, included among the foundations of criminal responsibility, is introduced and placed in the context of the formal concept of crime in the Czech legal regulation of criminal law. Furthermore, the very concept of circumstances excluding illegality is introduced, of which necessity and self defense are then examined. Individual conditions that trigger a state of necessity are thoroughly examined and assessed, respectively. as well as self defense, and subsequently the very limits of action in these states. After determining the limits of necessity and self defense, the thesis moves on to the next part, where cases of deviating from the limits of both of these instruments are pointed out, namely largo sensu, i.e. exceeding in the sense of acting outside these states, and further exceeding the limits of given actions, also referred to as exceeding the limits of necessity and self defense stricto sensu. In the following passages, the thesis focuses on the definition of the specific legal consequences of deviating from the limits of pre-prescribed...
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The Concept and Legal Consequences of Self-defence and Necessity Limit Excess
Kubálková, Kristýna ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Mulák, Jiří (referee)
1 The Concept and Legal Consequences of Self-defence and Necessity Limit Excess Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the institutions of self-defence and necessity included into the justification. The purpose of both these institutions is to deprive of culpability such an activity that averts a danger threatening the interests protected by the penal code under such circumstances where the state fails to fulfil its task or is unable to fulfil it through its bodies. The aim of the thesis is to classify the conditions and limits of both institutions and the consequences of their excess, whereas the accent is placed on particular cases from the practice of the courts. The diploma thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the concepts of a criminal act and unlawfulness, that are essential for understanding the issue as the whole. This part then summarises concisely all the circumstances of the justification. The second, most extensive part of the thesis, deals in details with self-defence. It explains the individual concepts and the conditions given by the self- defence provisions, whereas the accent is places on the excess of their limits. Various excess limits are mentioned, which are probable to happen; for better understanding, they are illustrated by the concrete court decisions. The...
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The Necessity of a Social Worker in Primary Schools.
PŘIBYLOVÁ, Michaela
This bachelor thesis focuses on school social worker and his role in primary schools. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to find out the necessity of a social worker in primary schools, and to identify what their role should be from the perspective of principals and teachers in primary schools. In the research was chosen a qualitative research strategy in which was used the semi-structured interview technique. The interviews took place with teachers in primary school. The selection of the research population was realised by deliberate selection. The interviews were recorded on a dictaphone and then transcribed into a text form of the electronic version. The results evaluation was carried out by using an open coding. The codes have been assigned to the individual statements. By writing on this bachelor thesis, I have expanded my horizons about the profession of the school social worker, its role, and competencies in primary schools, and found out what view have teachers at primary schools on this profession. The bachelor's thesis can expand the awareness of the necessity of a school social worker and consider its inclusion into the legislative sphere. The research results showed that educational staff and other professionals can imagine the functioning of a school social worker in primary schools and confirmed that there is a need for them in certain areas of their focus on primary schools. It was found that the low practice of school social workers in the Czech Republic influences people's awareness of this position, and they cannot accurately determine its role in primary schools. Communication partners were able to imagine their role in certain areas, but it was more challenging for them to distinguish the boundary of the competencies of the school social worker to avoid duplication of other professions that operate in primary schools.
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The conceptandlegalconsequencesofthetransgressionofthelimitsofself-defenceand necessity
Jelínek, Tomáš ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The presented diploma thesis deals with the concepts of self-defence and necessity and their position as legal institutions within the framework of the Czech criminal law, as well as the consequences of the transgression of their limits as defined by the legislation. Both self-defence and necessity are categorised among the circumstances precluding lia- bility and share the essence of creating a legal scope under which the regular addressees of the legal norms are allowed to defend their own interests or interests of the society as a whole, provided that the interests in question are themselves protected by the legal system. Such defence is generally permissible in the situations of immediate unavailabi- lity of an intervention from the side of a public authority, or in the cases when such re- action would be severely delayed to the point of ineffectiveness. It is for this reason that the aforementioned legal institutions enable specific forms of behaviour which would be considered reprehensible, and thus sanctionable by law under the regular circumstances. The objective of this thesis is to first provide an analysis of the boundaries of le- gality of behaviour under self-defense and necessity according to the current state of the legislation both in the strict sense, i.e. by interpreting the...
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The concept and legal consequence of the excessive use of self-defence and necessity
Lenc, David ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Šámal, Pavel (referee)
1 Abstract THE CONCEPT AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE TRANSGRESSION OF THE LIMITS OF SELF-DEFENCE AND NECESSITY As the name suggests, this Master's thesis examines the concept and legal consequences of transgression of the limits of self-defence and necessity. Self-defence and necessity, together with other circumstances excluding illegality, belong to the fundamentals of criminal liability. If all their conditions are fulfilled by some action, which would otherwise give raise to criminal liability, then these legal institutions exclude not only criminal liability, but also illegality of such action (i.e. such action is considered lawful). The purpose of the paper is to provide complex and understandable analysis of these two crucial legal institutions. The analysis is mainly focused on conditions of these legal institutions, which form their limits; determination of conditions which, if not met, constitute the transgression of the limits of self-defence or necessity, and content and cases of fulfilment or failure to fulfil these conditions. (Thus, the cases of the transgression of the limits of self-defence and necessity are examined.) After the analysis of such excesses, the thesis addresses specific issues connected with their legal consequences. The thesis is based on Czech legal regulation, namely the...
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The concept and legal consequence of the excessive use of self-defence and necessity
Koňakovská, Petra ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee)
of my Master's degree thesis in English TERM AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES OF EXCEEDING THE PRIVATE DEFENCE AND NECESSITY LIMITS (EXCESS) The thesis examines the legal concept and legal implications of transgression of (acting outside of) private defense and necessity. It is based on the new Criminal Code, Act N. 40/2009 Coll. In some of the comparative passages the older legal regulation is mentioned, Act N. 140/1961 Coll., the Criminal Code in particular, as well as preceding penal codes. For illustration of examined concepts and definitions every charter includes case law that deals with the legal institute of private defense and necessity. The thesis is based on the Czech legal regulation and doesn't include comparison with foreign legislation. It's been caused by the short time of effectiveness of the new Criminal code which brought several substantial changes in circumstances precluding wrongfulness of an act. Significant part of the thesis is dedicated to these innovations, e.g. new privileged the fact of criminal offence of manslaughter (§ 141 CC) and infliction of bodily harm with a justifiable motive (§ 146a CC) , new legal regulation of extraordinary reduction of the term of imprisonment (§ 58 CC) and extenuating circumstances (§ 41 CC). Essentially, the new Criminal Code as a whole brought a...
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Contentious issues of self-defence in Czech case law
Korál, Petr ; Herczeg, Jiří (advisor) ; Gřivna, Tomáš (referee)
55 10 Abstract Controversial Issues of Necessary Defence in Case Law In this thesis I focus on the problematic issues of necessary defence (self- defence) both from the point of view of case law (where available) and law theory (in areas that have yet to be decided by courts). The second chapter describes the position of necessary defence in the systematic of Czech criminal law and defines the legal institute of necessary defence itself. Necessary defence is one of circumstances that exclude criminal liability (excuses and justifications). The substance of necessary defence is the repulsion of an imminent or pending attack on interests protected by the Criminal Code. The attack must be unlawful and harmful to the interests of society. The action of the defender must not be utterly apparently inadequate to the manner of the attack. Also the action of the defender must be intensive enough to otherwise constitute a crime. The third chapter addresses the issues of basic components of necessary defence, that is, the attack and the defensive action. The harmfulness of an attack must be at least discernible. In regards to the unlawfulness of an attack, the criterion is objective unlawfulness, that is, behaviour is unlawful if it unduly threatens interests of others, without taking into consideration of the...
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The concept and legal consequences of the transgression of the limits of self-defense and necessity
Baran, Zbyněk ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (referee)
The concept and legal consequences of the transgression of the limits of self-defense and necessity The thesis is based on the criminal institutes of necessity and self-defense. The aim of the thesis is to analyse the concept of necessity and self-defence, set limits to those institutes, define cases of transgression of these limits and describe legal consequences of excess. The thesis is drawn as the analysis of current legislation regulating necessity and self- defense. Given that everyone can make use of these institutes, the thesis concentrates on the fact that the legislation in this matter should be comprehensible and expedient for the acting person and contains a thorough analysis of case-law. The comparative method is used to the lesser extent, Czech legislation is compared with legislation of some other European countries. A part of the thesis concentrates on the frequent de lege ferenda suggestions. In author's opinion, the enactment of these suggestions would help to promote legal certainty and extend the possibility to act in necessity and self-defense. The thesis is divided into an introduction, three main parts, which are further divided into chapters and subchapters, and a conclusion. Part one defines the concept of illegality as a requirement of commiting a crime, then the...
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The meaning of the case law for the application of necessity and necessary defence
Drnková, Lucie ; Vokoun, Rudolf (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
The meaning of the case law for the application of necessity and necessary defence The thesis itself is focused on the points at issue of the meaning of the case law for the application of necessity and necessary defence mainly in the field of Czech criminal law, although some partial issues are also compared to the foreign legislation. In compliance with the title of the work author's attention is dedicated in the first place to the conditions and limits of both those institutes and their reflection in the judicature (considering the development of those tasks, that are currently believed to be disputable), futhther, the law theory is described. The thesis is composed of eight chapters, from which the first forms as an introduction, where the goals and approaches are indicated. The last, eight section summarizes the outcomes and conclusions of the thesis and also serves as a recommendation of some useful legislative changes that can be done in the future. The Second Chapter talks about the role of the case law and its meaning in the field of criminal law, characterizing the impact of judicature for the legal practice in the first place. Also the terminology used throughout the whole work is laid down, while claryfiing the basic terms applied lately. The following Chapter Three serves as an...
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